Technology on Touchscreen Display

     

Kinds of Touchscreen Panel

     Electronics device display improves touchscreen nowadays. Whenever a buyer has touchscreen devices include time where technology merges.  A touchscreens use on electronics industries, but a type does not advertise always. These types are a capacitive and resistive touchscreen. 

     A difference of those as noticeable that touchscreen, a capacitive, is more sensitive even on the slightest touch responsively but might apply more pressure on a resistive touchscreen that makes cheaper cost than capacitive display.

Examples of past model of smartphones with resistive touchscreens include:

• LG Optimus
• LG GW620 
• Sony Ericsson Vivaz 
• Nokia N97 mini 
• Nokia N900

Examples of past model smartphones with capacitive touch screens include:

• Apple iPhone 3GS and Apple iPhone 4
• HTC Desire
• Samsung Galaxy S
• Samsung Wave

     The mechanism of the resistive touch panel is to identify the contact point is to calculate and compare the resistance and voltage relative position on the panel. The resistive touch panels are made up of two conductive ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) substrates, commonly PET film and glass.  There is a separation point between two layers of the conductive substrate, which a type of very small transparent insulating particles.  When pressures apply to the finger or the pointer at two conductive bases, a temporary voltage change occurs, thus calculating a pointed position.

4-wire analog resistor

     This type of 4-wire analog resistor makes the most touch pad products on the market. It has a type of surface layer film and a solid layer based on glass insulated by insulating spacers, the inner surface of each layer coated with ITO's transparent conductor. The voltages applied to the layers cause them to slope. Pressing the top layer of the film sheet causes an electrical interaction between the two resistive layers. That is, when you turn the key switch on the circuit, the controller reads the horizontal and vertical voltages of the gradient. The coordinates of Y are shown in its determined position.

Matrix resistance

     The structure of the matrix (or digital) touch panel consists of two transparent ESTA conductive layers: standard film and glass. The position of the press is determined by calculating the resistance value of the resistance-affected loop and the pattern of the screen.

Multi touch resistance

     The multi-touch resistance is a type of touch sensor that evolves from a hard matrix touch panel. It uses the basic principles of the construction of the womb. It also has two three engraved layers separated by points between them. Often the upper layer has this column and the bottom layer has this column. When two layers are together, the intersection of each row and row produces an independent touch sensor. The controller then checks for voltage changes at each intersection. This multi-touch technology allows users to work with protective gloves It is ideal for industry experts and field workers who manage hazardous chemicals or working in extreme weather conditions. Even with gloves, the sensitivity and accuracy of the multi-touch screen are high.

5-wire analog

     The 5-wire analog configuration consists of four electrodes located at each corner of the lower layer. There are four wiring connecting electrodes to one another.

8-wire analog

     The most sensitive resistive screen design is the 8-wire detection circuit.

   In contrast to the resistive touch screen that is based on the pressure of the motor generated by a finger or pencil, the capacitive touch screens assume the fact that the human body is naturally conductive.

   The capacitive screens are made of a transparent conductive material (usually ITO) that is coated with glass material. It is a glass material to hold with a finger.

The capacitive touch can be divided into two types.

Capacitive integration:

• very multi-touch

• High sensitivity

• Improved noise immunity

• All-point designable type sensor (APA)

• Quick response time

• View and compare capacity changes at intersections (unit and meaning). The output is a set of capacity values per intersection XY.

Self capacitive touch:

• Only one layer requires sensor ITO sensor

• Supports a touch to truly touch positive and 2 touch gestures

• Low energy consumption

• Scan the X-Y channel sensor sequentially to find the maximum capacity point on the ground.

Capacitive touch panel modules structures are determined by

• Touch sizes
• No. of touch points
• Total thickness
• Capacitive types
• Transparency, and so on.

The advantages of resistive touch screens

Reduce manufacturing costs

Higher sensor resolution: You can press the little button more easily with your only finger

There are some unintentional contacts

You can feel anything that affects the screen big enough

It is more resistant to factors such as heat and water.

The advantages of capacitive touch screens are:

Capacitive touchscreen advantages include

More durable

The higher the contrast, the more clear the image.

Provides multi-touch detection

More reliable: Works even when the screen is cracked (until touch screen is replaced).

Sensitive with light touch.

Selecting the use of a capacitive or resistive touch screen largely depends on the device's application.

Sources

   https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/differences-capacitive-resistive-touchscreens-si/

   http://www.asiapro.com.hk/capacitive_touchpanel_touchkey_touchpad_en.html

   http://www.asiapro.com.hk/resistive_touchpanels_touchwindow_en.html

   https://www.goodgearguide.com.au/article/355922/capacitive_vs_resistive_touchscreens/